Cancer’s notorious resistance to therapy is often explained as the result of natural selection of newly mutating cells. Cancer-killing drugs wipe out nearly all of a tumor’s cells, but random mutations may allow for drug resistance in some cells, and … Continue reading
Journal Club
Highlighting recently published papers selected by Academy members
Category Archives: Evolution
Journal Club: A new take on why tumors develop drug resistance
Categories: Cell Biology | Evolution | Journal Club | Medical Sciences
Tagged cancer, drugs, natural selection, phenotypic plasticity, stem cells, therapy, tumor
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Journal Club: Epigenetic marks may reveal how the environment affected ancient societies
Ancient DNA can shed light on the past in myriad ways — for instance, genes and mutations may reveal important adaptations or physiological changes. But gene-regulating molecules latched onto the DNA, known as epigenetic marks, may also reveal important clues. … Continue reading
Categories: Anthropology | Environmental Sciences | Evolution | Genetics | Journal Club
Tagged ancient DNA, ancient humans, epigenetics, methylation
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Journal Club: Study reveals most comprehensive snake family tree to date
Snakes are incredibly diverse, with more than 3,400 living species found on land and in the water. But little is known about how the first serpents looked and behaved. Now scientists at Yale University have reconstructed what the ancestor of … Continue reading
Categories: Evolution | Genetics | Journal Club
Tagged evolutionary history, family tree, fossils, snakes
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Journal Club: Newly found mutation contributes to irregular chromosome number, a major cause of pregnancy loss
When a baby does not make it to term, an irregular number of chromosomes in the embryo is often the root cause. The phenomenon, known as aneuploidy, is surprisingly common: it can be detected in roughly three-quarters of human embryos … Continue reading
Categories: Evolution | Genetics | Journal Club | Reproductive biology
Tagged aneuploidy, chromosome, embryo, fertility, human evolution, in vitro fertilization, natural selection, pregnancy
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Journal Club: Age of ‘Little Foot’ provides twist in story of hominid evolution
An early hominid named Little Foot has been dated to 3.67 million years old, making the timeline of human evolution even more complicated. Little Foot was found in a cave at Sterkfontein in South Africa, an hour’s drive from Johannesburg … Continue reading
Categories: Anthropology | Evolution | Journal Club
Tagged fossil, hominid, human evolution, isochron burial dating
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Journal Club: High-throughput sequencing transforms the study of human evolution
In the last five years, great strides have been made in the field of human evolution, such as the sequencing of the Neanderthal genome that revealed that modern humans and Neanderthals interbred, and the discovery of an extinct branch of … Continue reading
Categories: Anthropology | Evolution | Genetics | Journal Club
Tagged genetics, human evolution, Journal Club
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First Look: Banked seed replantings affected by climate change
Plants that are not able to rapidly adapt to climate change may decline and disappear from their previous habitats, prompting dramatic projects such as a doomsday vault for seeds of the world. Now researchers suggest find that seeds banked only … Continue reading
Categories: Evolution
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Wasps selectively pass protective bacteria on to their offspring
Symbiotic microbes are essential for the survival of many animals and plants, but the factors promoting such partnerships remain poorly understood. Now researchers find that wasps can block which bacteria their offspring receive, helping them maintain exclusive partnerships with specific … Continue reading
Categories: Evolution
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Evidence for speciation without geographic isolation seen in “Evolution Canyon”
The birth of a new species, the event known as speciation, is usually thought to happen when one species gets split into two or more physically isolated populations that diverge over time as they accumulate differences without interbreeding. However, it … Continue reading
Categories: Evolution
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Social competition produces sexy sons
Social competition among mice cause mothers to give birth to sexy sons who smell great and die young. This is one of the first studies to demonstrate epigenetic effects contributing to increased mating success in offspring, report biologists in a … Continue reading